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峨眉齿蟾

2017年02月13日 04:09
phylum:Chordata
门:脊索动物门
class:Amphibia
纲:两栖纲
order:Anura
目:无尾目
科名:Megophryidae
中文科名:角蟾科
属名:Oreolalax
种名:omeimontis
中名:峨眉齿蟾
描述:形态 依据四川峨眉山及洪雅(15雄、3雌及蝌蚪)标本。
成体:雄蟾体长54mm左右,雌蟾略大,其他部位量度数据见表35,体扁平瘦长。头宽略大于头长,吻端圆,吻棱不显著,颊部向外倾斜鼻孔略近吻端眼间距与鼻间距等宽瞳孔纵置,鼓膜隐于皮下,颞褶斜达肩部无犁骨齿,舌后端具缺刻,咽鼓管孔大。
前臂及手长为体长的一半指端球状色浅,指长顺序为3、4、2、1有关节下瘤及纵肤棱,内、外掌突大而显著。后肢较长,胫长约近体长之半,后肢前伸贴体时胫跗关节达眼,左、右跟部重叠雌蟾胫跗关节仅达鼓膜,左、右跟部不相遇或仅相遇趾端球状色浅,趾基部仅有蹼迹,趾侧缘膜较窄有关节下瘤和纵肤棱,内蹠突约为第一趾的1/2,无外蹠突。
雄蟾背部、头侧、体侧散布有或圆或长的疣粒,疣粒上有1颗或多颗小黑刺,四肢背面疣小而稀少,上臂及胫部略排列成行,胸腺1对,其上有刺雌蟾背面一般较光滑,少数个体的背面也有小疣粒。腹面光滑。腋腺很小,股后腺不显。
生活时背面为棕灰或棕褐色,两眼间有深色三角形斑,鼻孔后方至吻棱及颞褶下方颜色深,唇缘有深浅相间的纵纹,体背及体侧的褐黑色斑较分散(雌蟾背斑较为醒目)四肢背面有深浅相间的细横斑,前臂3—5条,股部约7条。腹面灰白色或肉黄色,咽喉部色稍深,有网状碎斑。
第二性征:雄蟾体较小前臂粗壮,其远端内侧及第一、第二指内侧上方有细而密集的黑色角质刺,胸腺1对,上有密集黑色细刺,繁殖季节以后,所有黑刺均逐渐脱落有咽侧下内声囊,有雄性线。
卵:卵群呈团状,卵粒乳白色,卵径3.2mm左右。
蝌蚪:体大而壮,第31—38期的蝌蚪头体长平均30mm,尾长约55mm,尾长为头体长的183%左右,其他部位量度数据见表36全长60mm时,头体青黑色,尾色浅,随着个体发育长大,体色逐渐变成棕黄色,尾色略浅,无明显深色大斑。后期蝌蚪最大的全长可达99mm,尾长约为体长的183%,一般全长50mm左右时,已长出后肢芽。出水孔位体左侧,无游离管,肛孔向右斜开,尾鳍起于尾肌第一肌节。口位于吻前端下方,唇乳突在唇中央微缺,口角处副突较多,其上多有小黑刺,角质颌强全长30—40mm(第31—35期)时,唇齿式多为I∶5+5/5+5∶I,全长60—81 mm(第36—38期)以上者,大部分唇齿式为I∶6+6/6+6∶I,个别更大的蝌蚪,可达I∶7+7/7+7∶I。
即将完成变态者,尾长残留6mm时,体长33mm,后肢长49mm背部及体侧痣粒上的斑点清晰,四肢上的横纹细而多腋腺及股后腺均已明显。

国内分布:地理分布四川(峨眉山、洪雅)
资料来源:费梁 、胡淑琴、叶昌媛、黄永昭等, 2009. 中国动物志 两栖纲(中卷) 无尾目. 北京: 科学出版社
pdf下载地址:Oreolalax_omeimontis.pdf
  • 物种名

    峨眉齿蟾

  • 拉丁名

    Oreolalax omeimontis

  • 脊索动物门 Chordata

  • 两栖纲 Amphibia

  • 锄足蟾科 Pelobatidae

  • 资源编码

    21131117133

  • 描述

    Diagnosis A distinct Scutiger, apparently related to Scutiger schmidti, but different from schmidti by its larger size; black spine s on the fingers more isolated and arranged in rows; two patches of evenly scattered minuteblack spones no spines on the ven tral margin of the lower jaw and the throat; the unner distal portion of the lower arm with a patch of conspicuous evenly distributed black spines; tibiotarsal articularion reaching the eye; seven narrow conspicuous dard bars on the thigh. Scutiger schmidti can be dis-tinguished from this mew species not only by its smaller size but also by having no patch of spines on the lower arm,the spines on the chest region; legs shorter,the tibiotarsal articulation only reaching the tympanic region; with a few inconspicuous irregular dark bars on the hind limb or entirely iacking. From the end of April to the end of May is ascribed as rhe breeding season for Scutiger schmidii, but a pair of the new Scutiger were collected on July 20th; this explains that the breedin g season of the new species is much later than that of Scutiger schmidti. Description of the type Body flattened and moderately slender; headdept\ressed,broader than long; tongue behind and notche d; no vomerine teeth; snout roumded;canthus rostralis obtuse; loreal region oblique with a groove running from nostril toward the eye; nostrils comparatively nearer to the lie lip of the smout snout; interorbital as the internasal; width of upper eyelid adout 2/3 of the interorbital space; tympanum hidden. Arm long,lower arm and hand about half of the body length; fingers rather slender and long with whitish rounded tips, the sec ond finger slightly longer than the first but much shorter than the fourth with the thitd finger the longest; subarticular tubercles present with thickened skin between them; palmer tubercles large and prominent, a larger rounded inner one at the base of the first finger and a smaller elongated outer one. Hind limb somewhat slender with tibiotarsal arficulation reaching the eye;heels overlapping when placed at right angles to the body; the length of tibia about 4 times its width;toes slender and long with whitish rounded tips, web rudimentary; all toes with lateral fringes, subarticular tubercles dis-tinct; inner metatarsal tubercles distinct and oval in shape abouut 2/5 ot the length of the first toe first toe; no outermetatarsal tubercle. Skin rough; dogh;dorsum with many small roumd some elongared warts, more larger elongated and rounded warts on dorso -lateral and lateral sifes of the body; dorsal sides of the limbs with small warts arranged in rows, especially conspicuous on the arms and tibia;many white spicules aggregated on each of these warts; a weak glandular fold trom eye to shoulder.

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